This coreless fiber consists only of a silica cladding which is protected by a low index polymer coating. This passive fiber reduces back reflections and prevents fiber damage in high power applications. Where a standard optical fiber would have an inner core, our coreless. An optical fiber cable is a complex structure designed to protect fragile glass fibers that transmit digital data using light signals. This Recommendation describes. ■ The Five Key Parts of a Fiber Optic Cable A fiber optic cable is composed of five core elements: Every hardware component has a specific function for proper signal transfer, construction resilience, and environmental defense. A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly similar to an electrical cable but containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light.